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31.
A stochastic frontier production function is used to estimate the effect of partial and gradual reforms in the 1980’s in each of seven state-owned manufacturing industries. Reform-induced gains in technical efficiency were significant in all sample industries although not always substantial enough to motivate industry-wide productivity growth. The bonus system had speedy and impressive efficiency effects, but there is no consistent evidence on the effectiveness of other reform measures, including greater output autonomy, partial exposure to market influences, and the possibility of dismissals for malfeasance. Equalization of marginal factor returns across firms was observed in some industries, which may be considered as evidence of improved allocative efficiency in response to the reforms. 相似文献
32.
The purpose of this paper is to show how modern techniques of Temporary competitive equilibrium analysis can be applied to models of the “pure consumption loan model” type. One considers Samuelson's simplest model where traders live two periods and where money is the only store of value. It is proved that a temporary equilibrium exists if price expectations are sufficiently independent of current prices. A stationary market equilibrium is shown to exist if there is a set of traders (i) whose total resources are greater when they are young than when they are old, (ii) who are indifferent between present and future consumption. It is proved that this existence theorem still holds if the economy is sufficiently “close” to an economy which has this property. A stationary market equilibrium is shown to be Pareto optimal if all traders hold positive cash balances. It may be inefficient if this condition is not satisfied, for some traders may then be willing to borrow, which they cannot do in this model. 相似文献
33.
Guy R. Banville Ph.D. Barbara Pletcher D.B.A. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1974,2(3):432-446
Historically, major consideration given to product management has focused on research and development or the introductory
stage of the product life cycle. The authors present an empirical study delineating the variables to be considered in the
product elimination process. More specifically, the elimination process is evaluated under a situation of poor product performance
despite a generally viable market. The basic objectives of the study were: to determine the significant variables in the product
elimination process of the Small Appliance Industry; to determine the relative importance of the variables; to examine the
interaction among variables. The data obtained through personal structured questionnaire interviews were analyzed and provided
a ranking of twenty-six variables relevant to the elimination process. Moreover, the Johnson's Hierarchical Clustering Schemes
was applied to determine the interaction among variables. The results indicate that profitability and financial variables
are most significant in the elimination decision-process. Second, the primary clusters of importance are concerned with market
share, market growth rate, consumer awareness, and competitive action. 相似文献
34.
Capacity Investment under Demand Uncertainty: The Role of Imports in the U.S. Cement Industry 下载免费PDF全文
Guy Meunier Jean‐Pierre Ponssard Catherine Thomas 《Journal of Economics & Management Strategy》2016,25(2):455-486
Demand uncertainty is thought to influence irreversible capacity decisions. Suppose that local demand can be sourced from domestic (rigid) production or from (flexible) imports. This paper shows that the optimal domestic capacity is either increasing or decreasing with demand uncertainty, depending on the relative level of the costs of domestic production and imports. We test this relationship with data from the U.S. cement industry, in which the difference in marginal cost between domestic production and imports varies across local U.S. markets because cement is costly to transport over land. Industry data for 1999 to 2010 are consistent with the predictions of the model. The introduction of two technologies to the production set—one rigid and one flexible—is crucial to understanding the relationship between capacity choice and uncertainty in this industry because there is no relationship between these two variables in aggregated U.S. data. Our analysis reveals that the relationship is negative in coastal districts, and significantly more positive in landlocked districts. 相似文献
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Guy Routh 《Scottish journal of political economy》1973,20(2):179-187
LLOYD ULMAN AND ROBERT J. FLANAGAN, Wage Restraint: A Study of Incomes Policies in Western Europe (University of California Press, 1971)
JOAN MITCHELL, The National Board for Prices & Incomes (Secker & Warburg, 1972)
ALLAN FELS, The British Prices and Incomes Board (Cambridge University Press, 1972)
HUGH CLEGG, How to Run an Incomes Policy and Why We Made Such a Mess of the Lust One (Heinemann, 1971)
MICHAEL PARKIN AND MICHAEL T. SUMNER (eds.), Incomes Policy and Inflation (Manchester University Press, 1972)
FRANK BLACKABY (ed.), An Incomes Policy for Britain (Heinemann, 1972) 相似文献
JOAN MITCHELL, The National Board for Prices & Incomes (Secker & Warburg, 1972)
ALLAN FELS, The British Prices and Incomes Board (Cambridge University Press, 1972)
HUGH CLEGG, How to Run an Incomes Policy and Why We Made Such a Mess of the Lust One (Heinemann, 1971)
MICHAEL PARKIN AND MICHAEL T. SUMNER (eds.), Incomes Policy and Inflation (Manchester University Press, 1972)
FRANK BLACKABY (ed.), An Incomes Policy for Britain (Heinemann, 1972) 相似文献
38.
This paper reviews current GAAP for nonmonetary asset exchanges, presents a pedagogical approach that instructors and textbook authors can use to clarify their coverage of this topic, and highlights intermediate accounting textbooks that provide complete, accurate coverage of this topic. 相似文献
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